March 9, 2026 at 3:48 pm

Wealthy Ancient Romans Kept Some Unusual Exotic Pets, But The Reverence They Had For Them Hasn’t Been Known Until Now

by Kyra Piperides

A close-up of a monkey

Pexels

Whether you’re team cat or team dog, whether you’re home is a haven to pythons or iguanas, or the guinea pig life is more for you, it’s no secret that we all love our pets.

In fact, around 70% of US households have at least one pet, meaning that if you don’t have a pet you’re actually in the minority.

And it has been that way for a long time – in fact, people have been known to have pets for over 15,000 years.

But those pets have changed quite a lot over the years – as a recent study into the ancient Roman military has recently proven.

A ginger cat lying down

Pexels

In the resulting article, which has been published in the Journal of Roman Archaeology, the researchers explain that – far from our dogs or cats – wealthy Romans kept monkeys as pets.

What’s more is that uncovered skeletons have allowed us to understand that the domesticated monkeys were species from Africa, most commonly Barbary macaques.

But recent revelations from an archaeological site in Berenike have given the researchers more insight into the lives of the ancient Romans and their pets than ever before.

And some of their results may surprise you.

A pink and brown piglet

Pexels

That’s because the Romans didn’t just keep pets for their own pleasure or status – rather, it is believed that the monkeys, along with some dogs and cats, were beloved companion animals.

In fact, the evidence suggests that they gave their pets jewels, and even pets of their own, as the authors explain:

“The special status of these primates among other buried companion animals, mainly cats and some dogs, is suggested by grave goods including restraining collars, apparent status markers like iridescent shells and food delicacies, and kittens and a piglet as the monkey’s own pets.”

That’s right – far from merely keeping the animals as pets, they actually gave them pets of their own.

The jury’s out on whether the pets of the pets had pets too.

If you thought that was interesting, you might like to read about the mysterious “pyramids” discovered in Antarctica. What are they?

Kyra Piperides, PhD | Contributing Science Writer

Dr. Kyra Piperides is a contributing writer for TwistedSifter, specializing in Science & Discovery. Holding a PhD in English with a dedicated focus on the intersections of science, politics, and literature, she brings over 12 years of professional writing and editorial expertise to her reporting.

Kyra possesses a highly authoritative background in academic publishing, having served as the editor of an academic journal for three years. She is also the published author of two books and numerous research-driven articles. At TwistedSifter, she leverages her rigorous academic background to translate complex scientific concepts, global tech innovations, and environmental breakthroughs into highly engaging, accessible narratives for a mainstream audience.

Based in the UK, Kyra is an avid backpacker who spends her free time immersing herself in different cultures across distant shores—a passion that brings a rich, global perspective to her writing about Earth and nature.

Connect with Kyra on Twitter/X and Instagram.